What must an officer show to obtain a search warrant?

To obtain a search warrant, an officer must demonstrate probable cause supported by an affidavit. Probable cause is a legal standard that requires a reasonable belief, based on facts and circumstances, that a crime has been committed and that evidence related to that crime can be found in the place to be searched. The affidavit, which is a sworn statement, provides the details and factual basis that justify the officer's belief, thereby allowing a judge or magistrate to make an informed decision on whether to issue the warrant. This process is fundamental to ensuring that individuals' Fourth Amendment rights against unreasonable searches and seizures are protected, requiring law enforcement to present substantial evidence rather than relying on mere hunches or suspicions.